Relying on artistry: The human touch behind animated masterpieces
As technological leaps make breathtaking imagery feasible, the animated feature industry is embracing skilled artisans more than machine learning (ML) or artificial intelligence (AI).
Craftsmanship in the digital age
Technological augmentation: While some studios integrate machine learning during initial stages of motion capture to iterate ideas, the expertise of VFX artists and animators remains crucial. Their seasoned knowledge and creative prowess are key to crafting the unique visuals directors seek.
Case study: Transformers One
Under the visionary direction of Josh Cooley, “Transformers One” banked heavily on deep research into previous Transformer narratives and the intrinsic properties of metals. Cooley’s team, composed of lifelong Transformers enthusiasts, held strong opinions on the portrayal and movement of these iconic robots. VFX Supervisor Frazer Churchill affirms:
“This film is really just made by artistry and time. Our touchstone was to make the metal feel real, so the audience senses they can almost touch the metallic characters.”
By building an expansive library of metal surfaces, the team set the foundation for visual authenticity. Their approach to using saturated colors added a stylized touch, while plausible lighting provided a cinematic backlit look, enhancing characters like Megatron with stunning rim lighting.
AI’s limited role: Churchill notes that while AI and motion capture played a role in the early stages, none of these elements made it into the final cut. Cooley underscores the need for experienced filmmakers to innovate beyond AI’s repetitive nature.
The wild robot: A blend of tradition and technology
“The Wild Robot” tells the heartwarming tale of a robot nurturing a gosling. Interestingly, AI was deemed unsuitable for this fairy tale-like narrative. Instead, VFX Supervisor Jeff Budsberg opted for a painterly approach, aligning with director Chris Sanders’ vision of a less detailed, more impressionistic aesthetic.
“Chris [Sanders] wanted to pay homage to early Disney films like ‘Bambi’ and was influenced by Miyazaki’s works.”
By simplifying details and using intentional placement, Budsberg’s team evoked the enchanting, warm ambiance described in the book.
The Wild West of AI: At present, DreamWorks refrains from using AI, considering it too unpredictable and unsuitable for their unique stylistic needs.
Pixar’s balanced approach
At Pixar, AI has been a quiet yet vital part of certain production processes for years. While the main creative thrust is artist-driven, tasks like denoising imagery leverage machine learning. For instance, “Inside Out 2” utilized RenderMan 25 to minimize visual noise, a process that still required vigilant artist supervision to ensure proper artistic impact.
Humanizing Lego: Piece by Piece
“Piece by Piece,” explores Pharrell Williams’ life through animated Lego characters. Director Morgan Neville and his team faced the unique challenge of making Lego mini-figures relatable. They achieved this by digitally scanning the faces of real-life musicians featured in the biopic, mapping these scans onto the characters.
“There were specific rules about how we could make Lego characters move, based on real Lego capabilities,” says Neville.
The team had to creatively solve challenges such as animating water made of Lego, showcasing the remarkable flexibility of their artistic solutions.
Traditional animation’s evolving landscape
“Lord of the Rings: The Lord of the Rohirrim” embraced traditional Japanese 2D animation methods and a hand-drawn aesthetic. CGI Animation Supervisor Kei Yoshimizu envisions AI eventually integrating into anime production:
“AI will gradually become more prevalent in anime production, similar to the introduction of 3D CGI in the 1990s.”
Though hand-drawn techniques remain the standard in Japan, 3D CGI has become essential, providing efficiencies without replacing traditional methods. However, Yoshimizu notes a looming challenge:
Skilled labor shortage: The hand-drawn animation sector faces a significant shortage of skilled animators. AI offers efficiency, yet the market’s reception will dictate its future integration alongside traditional techniques.
The human essence
As animated filmmaking propels into the future, the enduring value of human creativity remains evident. While AI and ML assist in certain areas, the craftsmanship and innovation of artists continue to define the unique and captivating nature of these animated masterpieces.
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